Volume 10

Number 2 July 2026

Morphology and Morphometry of the Glenoid Cavity of Adult Dry Human Scapula

DOI: https://doi.org/10.70357/jdamc.2026.v1002.04

Podder OR1 , Akter F2 , Mustafa R3 , Sadat MN4 , Mahafuz FI5 , Nayeem J6 , Afrin S7 , Paul T8

Abstract

Background: The glenoid cavity of scapula is regarded as the scapular head. Variations in the glenoid cavity’s morphology and morphometry can be observed. It showed different types of shapes such as pear, oval and inverted comma shape. Objectives: Objectives of this study was to determine the morphology and morphometry of the glenoid cavity of adult dry human scapula. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional type of descriptive study which was conducted for a period of 1 year from January 2023 to December 2023 in the Department of Anatomy, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi. This study was performed on 365 dry adult human scapulae which were taken from the Museum and medical students at different Medical Colleges of Bangladesh. The Purposive sampling technique was adopted and data were collected by semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed via SPSS software (version 26.0). P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests. Results: Out of 365 dry adult human scapulae, 273 (74.80%) of the glenoid cavity were pear shaped, 53 (14.50%) oval shaped and 39 (10.70%) inverted comma shaped. The mean SI –D was 39.49±4.89 mm, AP -D1 was 26.51±3.21 mm and AP-D2 was 20.28±3.22 mm. Glenoid cavity index was 67.44±6.92%. SI, AP -D1 and AP -D2 of glenoid cavity were significantly increased in male than female (p < 0.001 for each). But there were no statistically significant difference of shape of glenoid cavity and glenoid cavity index between male and female. There was also no statistically significant difference of shape of glenoid cavity, SI -D, AP -D1, AP -D2 of glenoid cavity and glenoid cavity index between the right and left scapula. Conclusion: Morphologic and morphometric variation of glenoid cavity of adult dry human scapula was observed between male and female..

Keywords: Morphology, Morphometry, Glenoid cavity, Human scapula,Superior-inferior diameter(SI-D), Anterior- posterior diameter 1 (AP-D1), Anterior-posterior diameter 2 (AP-D2)


  1. Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy

    Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College, Enayetpur, Sirajganj

  2. Assistant Professor of Anatomy

    Diabetic Association Medical College, Faridpur

  3. Associate Professor of Anatomy

    Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College, Enayetpur, Sirajgan

  4. Associate Professor of anatomy

    Diabetic Association Medical College, Faridpur

  5. Assistant Professor of Anatomy

    Udayan Dental College, Rajshahi

  6. Anatomy Department

    Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi

  7. Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy

    Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi

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    Volume 10, Number 2 July 2026
    Page: 18-